Last August 24 to 25 2008, I survived Mt. Makiling (San Bartolome trail).
Ooopps. It is just a teaser for my recently travel adventure. The full story will be coming out soon.
Deus
Monday, August 25, 2008
Saturday, August 23, 2008
What is PERA?
For more details, please read the press release below:
August 22, 2008
PERA SIGNED INTO LAW
The Personal Equity and Retirement Account, a supplementary private retirement plan for all public and private employees that especially targets overseas Filipino workers, was signed into law today by Malacañang.
"This is one of the best ways to accumulate savings. It will greatly augment Filipinos' retirement plan. People are generally scared of retiring, especially Filipinos, because we are not savings conscious and the pension we get from government - either SSS or GSIS - is usually inadequate for our sunset years. PERA will help retirees live more comfortably," said Senator Edgardo J. Angara, chairman of the Senate Committee on Banks and Financial Institutions.
"Filipino workers generally look at retirement with apprehension as it translates to a loss of income and the lack of retirement benefits. The absence of a dependable retirement plan - and thus the financial uncertainty that goes with it - could make retirement a source of insecurity rather than comfort," said Angara, who principally authored and sponsored the law.
He added, "PERA will address this situation and fill a void in the country's retirement scheme where a large number of working Filipinos are slipping through."
The National Statistics Office reported that the country has a labor force of about 35.81 million, representing a 64% labor participation rate. Of this, only 78% are members of government-initiated pension funds: 26.49 million for SSS and 1.4 million for GSIS.
About 8 million Filipinos have no pension or retirement savings to look forward to.
"Take, for instance, the experience of Overseas Filipino Workers who make a huge contribution to our economy in terms of foreign remittances. Their remittances provide for their families' present consumption - buying a house, paying for their kids' tuition, setting up small businesses - but leave very little savings for one's retirement," he continued.
Under the PERA bill, an individual contributor may make a total maximum annual contribution of P100,000.00 to his PERA account. The contributor shall be given an income tax credit equivalent to five percent (5%) of the total PERA contribution. Income from the contribution as well as the eventual distribution of the PERA to the contributor shall be tax-exempt. This amount is withdrawable when the contributor reaches the age of 55.
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Related article:
http://www.senate.gov.ph/press_release/2007/1121_angara1.asp
“November 21, 2007
Senator Edgardo J. Angara today earnestly pushes for the immediate passage of the Personal Equity and Retirement Account (PERA) bill to create a more dependable and stable pension that will ensure financial security during retirement.
"From January to July 2007, OFWs have remitted US$8.1 billion back to the economy. While these remittances fund immediate needs, a substantial part should also be devoted to saving for one's retirement," said Senator Angara, who chairs the Senate Committee on Banks and Financial Institutions…….”
Wednesday, June 11, 2008
Is Adobo a Filipino Cuisine?
by deus
Before we proceed lets describe, What is Adobo? According to Wikipedia. ‘Adobo is the Spanish word for seasoning or marinade. The noun form is used to describe the actual marinade or seasoning mix, and the term used for a meat which has been marinated or seasoned with an adobo is referred to having been adobada.’
For the simplicity of cooking procedure and requires just a handful of ingredients, It is definitely of the first Filipino dishes must learn to cook. It is slow-cooked in soy sauce, vinegar, crushed garlic, bay leaf, and black peppercorns. There are many variations of adobo. The most widely preferred traditionally is pork and followed by chicken adobo, although chicken adobo is very popular these days for health reasons. For additional information, The Black Eyed Peas member Mr. Allan Pineda or widely known as apl.de.ap, a Filipino-American, has a song called Bebot that mentions his life in the barrio in the Philipines wherein his food is usually Chicken Adobo.
Mr. Irwin once posted.
‘if your aware that the preparation of Adobo was introduced to the Philippines by some of the original Portuguese Priests, together with the Bay Leaf, and more importantly the Chili Pepper thru the Black Ships who traded spices in the Orient.
There are several Adobo Type dishes popular in Goan, Japanese and Chinese variations.
But the Philippines is to my taste by far the best, plus most versatile with Chicken Pork or Goat and other Meats.’
Also, adobo is one of the common packed foods brought by Filipino mountaineers during climbs because of its relatively long shelf-life. The adobo has vinegar in its ingredient, which inhibits the growth of bacteria.
Here is as follows the usual recipe of adobo:
Adobo
Ingredients:
1 kilo of pork/ chicken
1cup of vinegar
¾ cup soy sauce
¼ tsp. Black Peppercorn
1 clove garlic
Bay leaf
Cooking oil
Procedure:
Mix all ingredients in one pan and allow to boil. Simmer over low fire until 1 kilo of pork/ chicken is tender. Remove remaining sauce from pan. Add a little cooking oil and fry pork/ chicken until it turns golden brown. Return sauce to pan and simmer for two or more minutes. Remove from fire and let cool before eating.
Adobo is eaten by virtually all Filipinos, regardless of social standing, home province or region. Because of its long shelf-life and adaptability to different uses, adobo is often the first thing to go into the traveller’s checklist when Filipinos go to the beach or long day trip on holiday. It is essentially the national dish of the Philippines. Adobo dish is indeed a Filipino cuisine. Grab it into your nearest Filipino favorite restaurants and or carinderia.
If you find this article interesting, Deus It and please write comments or response to my entries when you can. Thanks Amigo!
Before we proceed lets describe, What is Adobo? According to Wikipedia. ‘Adobo is the Spanish word for seasoning or marinade. The noun form is used to describe the actual marinade or seasoning mix, and the term used for a meat which has been marinated or seasoned with an adobo is referred to having been adobada.’
For the simplicity of cooking procedure and requires just a handful of ingredients, It is definitely of the first Filipino dishes must learn to cook. It is slow-cooked in soy sauce, vinegar, crushed garlic, bay leaf, and black peppercorns. There are many variations of adobo. The most widely preferred traditionally is pork and followed by chicken adobo, although chicken adobo is very popular these days for health reasons. For additional information, The Black Eyed Peas member Mr. Allan Pineda or widely known as apl.de.ap, a Filipino-American, has a song called Bebot that mentions his life in the barrio in the Philipines wherein his food is usually Chicken Adobo.
Mr. Irwin once posted.
‘if your aware that the preparation of Adobo was introduced to the Philippines by some of the original Portuguese Priests, together with the Bay Leaf, and more importantly the Chili Pepper thru the Black Ships who traded spices in the Orient.
There are several Adobo Type dishes popular in Goan, Japanese and Chinese variations.
But the Philippines is to my taste by far the best, plus most versatile with Chicken Pork or Goat and other Meats.’
Also, adobo is one of the common packed foods brought by Filipino mountaineers during climbs because of its relatively long shelf-life. The adobo has vinegar in its ingredient, which inhibits the growth of bacteria.
Here is as follows the usual recipe of adobo:
Adobo
Ingredients:
1 kilo of pork/ chicken
1cup of vinegar
¾ cup soy sauce
¼ tsp. Black Peppercorn
1 clove garlic
Bay leaf
Cooking oil
Procedure:
Mix all ingredients in one pan and allow to boil. Simmer over low fire until 1 kilo of pork/ chicken is tender. Remove remaining sauce from pan. Add a little cooking oil and fry pork/ chicken until it turns golden brown. Return sauce to pan and simmer for two or more minutes. Remove from fire and let cool before eating.
Adobo is eaten by virtually all Filipinos, regardless of social standing, home province or region. Because of its long shelf-life and adaptability to different uses, adobo is often the first thing to go into the traveller’s checklist when Filipinos go to the beach or long day trip on holiday. It is essentially the national dish of the Philippines. Adobo dish is indeed a Filipino cuisine. Grab it into your nearest Filipino favorite restaurants and or carinderia.
If you find this article interesting, Deus It and please write comments or response to my entries when you can. Thanks Amigo!
Thursday, May 1, 2008
ENACTING A REAL PROPERTY TAX CODE
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 464
ENACTING A REAL PROPERTY TAX CODE.
WHEREAS, this country cannot progress steadily if its local governments are not potent political subdivisions contributing their proportionate shares to national progress;
WHEREAS, the past decade saw the passage of the Local Autonomy Act, the Barrio Charter, the Decentralization Act and other pieces of legislation intended to make local governments financially self-reliant and stable;
WHEREAS, it is very apparent that in spite of all these laws, local governments still find difficulty in providing adequate funds with which to underwrite basic and essential public services within their respective areas of responsibility;
WHEREAS, studies show that one of the main reasons behind this is the failure of local governments to fully tap the income potentialities of the real property tax;
WHEREAS, to remedy the situation, there is an urgent and compelling need to upgrade assessment services by updating assessment techniques, procedures and practices and thereby bring about equitable distribution of the realty tax burden among real property owners throughout the country;
NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by the Constitution do hereby adopt, promulgate and decree, as it hereby adopted, promulgated and decreed, as part of the law of the land, this decree entitled "The Real Property Tax Code", the context of which follows:
CHAPTER I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 1. Scope. — This Code shall govern the appraisal and assessment of real property for purposes of taxation by provinces, cities and municipalities, as well as the levy, collection and administration of real property tax.
Sec. 2. Fundamental Principles. — The appraisal and assessment of real property for taxation purposes shall be guided by the following fundamental principles:(1) Real property shall be appraised at its current and fair market value;(2) The appraisal of real property shall be uniform in each local political subdivision;(3) Real property shall be classified for assessment purposes on the basis of its actual use;(4) Real property shall be assessed on the basis of a uniform standard of value within each local political subdivision;(5) In no case shall the appraisal and assessment of real property for taxation purposes and the collection of the real property tax be let to any private person; and(6) The goal of property assessment shall be the equitable distribution of the tax burden.
Sec. 3. Definition of Terms. — When used in this Code (a) Actual use — shall refer to the purpose for which the property is principally or predominantly utilized by the persons in possession of the property.(b) Ad Valorem tax — is a levy on real property determined on the basis of a fixed proportion of the value of the property.(c) Agricultural land — land devoted principally to the raising of crops such as rice, corn, sugar cane, tobacco, coconut, etc., or to pasturing, dairying, inland fishery, salt making, and other agricultural uses, including timberlands and forest lands.(d) Appraisal — is the act or process of determining the value of a property as of a specific date for a specific purpose.(e) Assessment — the act or process of determining the value of a property, or proportion thereof, subject to tax, including the discovery, listing and appraisal of properties.(f) Assessment level — is the percentage applied to the market value to determine the taxable or assessed value of the property.(g) Assessed Value — the value placed on taxable property by the assessor for ad valorem tax purposes. The assessed value when multiplied by the tax rate will produce the amount of tax due. It is synonymous to "taxable value."(h) Commercial land — land devoted principally to commercial purposes, and generally for the object of profit.(i) Depreciated Value — the value remaining after deducting depreciation from either the replacement cost or the reproduction cost.(j) Economic life — the estimated period over which it is anticipated that a machinery may profitably be utilized.(k) Improvements — Is a valuable addition made to property or an amelioration in its condition, amounting to more than more repairs or replacement of waste, costing labor or capital, and intended to enhance its value, beauty or utility or to adapt it for new or further purposes.(l) Industrial land — land developed principally to industry as capital investment.(m) Machinery — shall embrace machines, mechanical contrivances, instruments, appliances and apparatus attached to the real estate. It includes the physical facilities available for production, as well as the installations and appurtenant service facilities, together with all other equipment designed for or essential to its manufacturing, industrial or agricultural purposes.(n) Market value — is defined as "the highest price estimated in terms of money which the property will buy if exposed for sale in the open market allowing a reasonable time to find a purchaser who buys with knowledge of all the uses to which it is adapted and for which it is capable of being used." It is also referred to as `the price which a willing seller would sell and willing buyer would buy, neither being under abnormal pressure."(o) Mineral lands — are those lands in which minerals exist in sufficient quantity or grade to justify the necessary expenditures to be incurred in extracting and utilizing such minerals.(p) Original cost — for newly acquired machinery not yet depreciated and appraised within the year of its purchase, refers to the actual cost of the machinery to its present owner (plus the cost of transportation, handling and installation at the present site).(q) Reassessment — the assigning of new assessed values to property, particularly real estate, as the result of a general, partial or individual reappraisal of the property.(r) Remaining economic life — the period of time (years) from the date of appraisal to the date when the machinery becomes valueless.(s) Remaining value — the value corresponding to the remaining useful life of the machinery.(t) Replacement or reproduction cost (new) — the cost that would be incurred on the basis of current prices, in acquiring an equally desirable substitute property, or the cost of reproducing a new replica property on the basis of current prices with the same or closely similar material.(u) Residential land — land principally devoted to habitation.
Sec. 4. Administration of the Real Property Tax. — The Department of Finance shall be primarily responsible for the proper, efficient and effective administration of the real property tax and for this purpose it shall:
a) Evolve a comprehensive system of real property appraisal that will ensure fair and realistic property valuations for taxation purposes;(b) Establish uniform assessment methods and procedures that will equalize property values in each local political subdivision:(c) Ensure that the ad valorem tax on real property shall be just, uniform and equitable;(d) Adopt the necessary measures that will promote maximum tax collection efficiency at the local levels;(e) Provide for the optimum utilization by the local governments of the proceeds from the real property tax; and (f) Formulate and adopt policies and procedures that will improve technical skills and develop reasonable standards of performance in the local assessment and treasury services.In order to attain the foregoing objectives, the Secretary of Finance shall exercise direct executive supervision over all assessment and treasury officials and personnel in the local governments.
CHAPTER IIAPPRAISAL AND ASSESSMENT OF REAL PROPERTY
Sec. 5. Appraisal of Real Property. — All real property, whether taxable or exempt, shall be appraised at the current and fair market value prevailing in the locality where the property is situated.
Sec. 6. Declarations of Real Property by Owner or Administrator. — It shall be the duty of all persons, natural or juridical, owning or administering real property, including the improvements therein, within a city or municipality, or their duly authorized representative, to prepare, or cause to be prepared, and file with the provincial or city assessor, a sworn statement declaring the true value of their property, whether previously declared or undeclared, taxable or exempt, which shall be the current and fair market value of the property, as determined by the declarant. Such declaration shall contain a description of the property sufficient in detail to enable the assessor or his deputy to identify the same for assessment purposes. The sworn declaration of real property herein referred to shall be filed with the assessor concerned once every five years during the period from January first to June thirtieth, commencing with the calendar year 1977, unless required earlier by the Secretary of Finance.
Sec. 7. Declaration of Real Property by the Assessor. — When any person, natural or juridical, by whom real property is required to be declared under Section six hereof refuses or fails for any reason to make such declaration within the time prescribed, the provincial or city assessor shall himself declare the property in the name of the defaulting owner, if known, or against an unknown owner, as the case may be, and shall assess the property for taxation in accordance with the provisions of this Code. No oath shall be required of a declaration thus made by the provincial or city assessor.
Sec. 8. Listing of Real Property in the Assessment Rolls. — In every province and city, there shall be prepared and maintained by the provincial or city assessor an assessment roll wherein shall be listed all real property, whether taxable or exempt, located within the province or city. Real property shall be listed and valued in the name of the owner or administrator, or anyone having legal interest in the property.The undivided real property of a deceased person may be listed and valued in the name of the estate, or of the heirs and devisee without designating them individually; and undivided real property other than owned by a deceased may be listed and valued in the name of one or more co-owners; Provided; however, That such heir, devisee or co-owner shall be liable severally for all obligations imposed by this Code and for the payment of the real property tax with respect to the undivided property.The real property of a corporation, partnership or association shall be entered and assessed in the same manner as that of an individual.Real property owned by the Republic of the Philippines, its political subdivisions and any government-owned corporation so exempt by its charter, the beneficial use of which has been granted, for consideration or otherwise, to a taxable person, shall be listed for purposes of taxation in the name of the grantee, or of the public entity if such property has been acquired for resale or lease.The assessment roll shall be prepared in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Finance.
Sec. 9. Proof of Exemption of Real Property from Taxation. — Every person by or for whom real property is declared, who shall claim tax exemption for such property under this Code shall file with the provincial or city assessor within thirty days from the date of the declaration of real property sufficient documentary evidence in support of such claim, including corporate charters, titles or ownerships, articles of incorporation, by-laws, contracts, affidavits and certifications and mortgage deeds, and similar documents.If the required evidence is not submitted within the period herein prescribed, the property shall be listed as taxable in the assessment roll. However, it shall be proven to be tax exempt the same shall be dropped from the roll of taxable properties.
Sec. 10. Real property Identification System. — All declarations of real property made under the provisions of this Code shall be kept and filed under a uniform identification system to be established by the provincial of city assessors in accordance with the rules and regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Finance.
Sec. 11. Notification of Transfer of Real Property Ownership. — Any person who shall transfer real property ownership to another shall notify the assessor of the province or city wherein the property is situated within sixty days from the date of such transfer. The notification shall include the particulars of the transfer, description of the property alienated, and the name and address of the transferee.
Sec. 12. Duty of Register of Deeds to Apprise Assessor of Real Property Listed in Registry. — To ascertain whether or not any real property entered in the Registry of Property has escaped discovery and listing for the purpose of taxation, the Register of Deeds shall prepare and submit to the provincial or city assessor, within two years from the date of approval of this Code an abstract of his registry, which shall include brief but sufficient description of the real properties entered therein, their present owners and the dates of their most recent transfer or alienation's accompanied by copies of corresponding deeds of sale, donation or partition or other form of alienation.It shall also be the duty of the Register of Deeds to require every person who shall present for registration a document of transfer, alienation or encumbrance of real property to accompany the same with a certificate to the effect that the real property subject of the transfer, alienation or encumbrance, as the case may be, has been fully paid of all real property taxes due thereon. Failure to provide such certificate shall be a valid cause for the Register of Deeds to refuse the registration of the document.
Sec. 13. Duty of Official Issuing Building Permit or Certificates of Registration of Machinery to Transmit Copy to Assessor. — Any public official or employee who may now or hereafter be required by law or regulation to issue to any person a permit for the construction, addition, repair or renovation of a building or permanent improvement, on land, or a certificate or registration for any machinery, including machines, mechanical contrivances, and apparatus, attached or affixed on land, or to another real property shall transmit a copy of such permit or certificate, within thirty days of its issuance, to the assessor of the province or city wherein the property is situated.
Sec. 14. Duty of Surveyors to Furnish Copy of Plans to Assessors. — It shall be the duty of all surveyors, public or private, to furnish free of charge to the assessor of the province or city where the land is located with a white or blue print copy of each of all approved original or subdivision plans or maps of surveys executed by them within thirty days from receipt of such plans from the Bureau of Land or Land Registration Commission or the National Urban Planning Commission, as the case may be.
Sec. 15. Preparation of Schedule of Values. — Before any general revision of property assessments is made, as provided in this Code, there shall be prepared for the province or city a Schedule of Market Values for the different classes of real property therein situated in such form and detail as shall be prescribed by the Secretary of Finance.
Said schedule, together with an abstract of the data on which it is based, shall be submitted to the Secretary of Finance for review not later than the thirty-first day of December immediately preceding the calendar year the general revision of assessments shall be undertaken. The Secretary of Finance shall have ninety days from the date or receipt within which to review said schedule to determine whether it conforms with the provisions of this Code.
Sec. 16. Authority of Assessor to Take Evidence. — For the purpose of obtaining information on which to base the market value of any real property, the provincial or city assessor, or his deputy, may summon witnesses, administer oaths and take deposition, concerning the property, its ownership, amount, nature and value.
Sec. 17. Amendment of Schedules of Market Values. — For the correction of errors or inequalities in any schedule of market values, the provincial or city assessor shall, on his own initiative or upon the direction of the Secretary of Finance, prepare an amendment designed to remedy such errors or inequalities. Such amendments shall likewise be subject to review by the Secretary of Finance within ninety days from the date of receipt thereof.
Sec. 18. Classes of Real Property for Assessment Purposes. — For purposes of assessment, real property shall be classified as residential, agricultural, commercial or industrial and also as mineral in the case of lands.Mineral lands shall be further classified as follows:(a) Metallic mineral lands, which shall include:(1) Patented lode mining claims, producing or non-producing;(2) Unpatented producing lode mining claims which may be patented;(3) Unpatented non-producing the lode mining claims which may be patented;(4) Patented placer mining claims, producing or non-producing;(5) Unpatented producing placer mining claims which may be patented; and(6) Unpatented non-producing placer mining claims which may be patented.(b) Non-metallic mineral lands, which shall include:(1) Patented, producing or non-producing;(2) Unpatented, producing which may be patented; and(3) Unpatented, non-producing, which may be patented.Definition of Terms. — "Patented" mineral lands are those lands covered by a duly issue mineral patent signed by the President of the Philippines."Unpatented" mineral lands are those lands which were located as mining claims under the provisions of the Philippine Bill of 1902 but are not yet covered by a mineral patent."Producing patented mineral claims" are those claims producing minerals for commercial purposes."Non-producing patented mineral claims" are those claims which are only in the stage of exploration and development and has not produced minerals for commercial production.A "lode mineral claim" is a parcel of mineral lands containing a vein, lode, ledge, lens, or mass of ore in place which has been located in accordance with law.A "placer claim" is that which does not come under the definition of "lode mineral claim.""Placer deposits" are in loose, fragmentary or broken rocks, boulders, floats, beds or deposits."Metallic" deposits are those which contain any of the metallic elements or minerals, or their combination, such as gold, silver, platinum, tin, chromium, iron, manganese, copper, nickel, lead, zinc cinnabar, tungsten and the like."Non-metallic" deposits are all other deposits not covered by the above "metallic" deposits.In case of conflict between the above definitions and those appearing in the Mining Act as amended, the latter shall prevail.Special Classes of Real Property. -All lands, buildings and other improvements thereon, actually, directly and exclusively used for educational, cultural, recreational or scientific purposes, as well as hospitals not owned and operated by the government or by any of its instrumentalities, shall be classified as special.
Sec. 19. Actual Use of Real Property as Basis for Assessment. — Real property shall be assessed on the basis of its actual use regardless of where located and whoever uses it.The Secretary of Finance shall issue guidelines for the proper implementation of the provisions of this Section.
Sec. 20. Assessment Levels. — The assessment levels to be applied to the current market values of real property for taxation purposes shall be as follows:(a) On Lands. — The assessment levels in the province or city shall be maintained at the current levels of thirty per cent for residential lands; forty per cent for agricultural lands; and fifty per cent for commercial or industrial lands.(b) Mineral Lands. — For purposes of taxation, mineral lands not covered by lease shall be appraised at fifty per cent of their market value to be determined by the Secretary of Finance upon consultation with the Director of Mines: Provided, however, that mineral lands covered by leases shall be declared for taxation purposes either by the owner of the land or lessee and the assessment level thereof shall be maintained at the current level of fifty per cent.(c) On Buildings, Machineries and other Improvements. — The assessment levels now prevailing in the province or city shall be maintained but which shall in no case be lower than the assessment levels for lands hereinabove prescribed nor more than eighty per cent of the market value, except buildings used exclusively for residential purpose.(d) Special Classes. — The assessment level for all lands, buildings and other improvement thereon, actually, directly and exclusively used for educational, cultural or scientific purposes, as well as hospitals not owned and operated by the government or by any of its instrumentalities shall be fifteen per cent of the market value of such property and for those exclusively used for recreational purposes, thirty per cent of their market value.For the First general revision of assessments to be undertaken after the approval of this Code and every five years thereafter, the assessment levels hereinabove prescribed for the different classes of real property may be increased at rates to be fixed by the Secretary of Finance but in no case shall such increase in rates exceed ten per cent of the assessment levels herein prescribed for each class of real property.
Sec. 21. General Revision of Assessments. — Beginning with the calendar year 1978, the provincial or city assessor shall make a general revision of real property assessments in the province or city to take effect January 1, 1979, and once every five years thereafter: Provided, however, That if property values in a province or city, or in any municipality, have greatly changed since the last general revision, the provincial or city assessor may, with the approval of the Secretary of Finance or upon his direction, undertake a general revision of assessments in the province or city, or in any municipality before the fifth year from the effectively of the last general revision.
Sec. 22. Valuation of Real Property. — Upon the discovery of real property or during the general revision of property assessments as provided in Section twenty-one of this Code or at any time when requested by the person in whose name the property is declared, the provincial or city assessor or his authorized deputy shall make an appraisal and assessment in accordance with Section five hereof of the real property listed and described in the declaration irrespective of any previous assessment or taxpayer's valuation thereon: Provided; however, That the assessment of real property shall not be increased oftener than once every five years in the absence of new improvements increasing the value of said property or of any change in its use, except as otherwise provided in this Code.
Sec. 23. Certification of Revised Values to the Secretary of Finance. — When the provincial or city assessor shall have finished a general revision of property assessments for any province, municipality or city, he shall so certify to the Secretary of Finance and the assessments shall become effective and taxes shall accrue and be payable thereunder in accordance with the provisions of this Code.
Sec. 24. Date of Effectivity of Assessment or Reassessment. — All assessments or reassessments made after the first day of January of any year shall take effect on the first day of January of the succeeding year: Provided, however, That the reassessment of real property due to its partial or total destruction, or to a major change in its actual use, or to any great and sudden inflation or deflation of real property values, or to the gross illegality of the assessment when made or to any other abnormal cause, shall be made within ninety days from the date any such cause or causes occurred, the same to take effect at the beginning of the quarter next following the reassessment.
Sec. 25. Assessment of Property Subject to Back Taxes. — Real property declared for the first time shall have back taxes assessed against it for the period during which it would have been liable if assessed from the first in proper course but in no case for more than ten years prior to the year of initial assessment; Provided, however, that the back taxes shall be computed on the basis of the applicable schedule of values in force during the corresponding period.If said taxes are paid before the expiration of the tax collection period next ensuing, no penalty for delinquency shall be imposed, otherwise the taxes shall be subject to all the penalties to which they would have been liable and had they originally become delinquent after assessment of the property in the usual course.
Sec. 26. Binding effect of Assessment or Reassessment. — All assessments and reassessments made under the provisions of this Code shall be valid and binding on all persons having legal interest on the property.
Sec. 27. Notification of New or Revised Assessments. — When real property is assessed for the first time or when an exercising assessment is increased or decreased, the province or city shall within thirty days give written notice of such new or revised assessment to the person in whose name the property is declared. The notice may be delivered personally to such person or to the occupant in possession, if any, or by mail to the last known address of the person to be served, or through the assistance of the barrio captain.
Sec. 28. Appraising Machinery. — The current market value of the machinery shall be determined on the basis of the original cost in the case of newly acquired machinery not yet depreciated and is appraised within the year of its purchase. In the case of all others, the current market value shall be determined by dividing the remaining economic life of the machinery by its economic life and multiplied by the replacement or reproduction cost (new) of said machinery.If the machinery is imported, replacement or reproduction cost (new) shall be the original acquisition cost which would normally include such costs as freight and insurance charges, brokerage, arrastre and handling, customs duties and taxes plus cost of inland transportation and handling, and significant installation charges at the present site. The cost in foreign currency of imported machinery shall be converted to peso cost on the basis of foreign currency exchange rates as fixed by the Central Bank of the Philippines.
Sec. 29. Depreciation Allowance for Machinery. — For purposes of assessment, a depreciation allowance shall be made for machinery at a rate not exceeding ten per cent of its original cost or its replacement or reproduction cost (new), as the case may be, for each year of use: Provided, That the remaining value for all kinds of machinery shall be fixed at not less than twenty per cent of such original or replacement cost for so long as the machinery is useful and in operation.CHAPTER IIIASSESSMENT APPEALS
Sec. 30. Local Board of Assessment Appeals. — Any owner who is not satisfied with the action of the provincial or city assessor in the assessment of his property may, within sixty days from the date of receipt by him of the written notice of assessment as provided in this Code, appeal to the Board of Assessment appeals of the province or city, by filing with it a petition under oath using the form prescribed for the purpose, together with copies of the tax declarations and such affidavit or documents submitted in support of the appeal.
Sec. 31. Organization, Powers and Functions of the local Board of Assessment Appeals. — The Local Board of Assessment Appeals shall be composed of three members: the Register of Deeds, as Chairman, the Provincial of City Auditor and the Provincial or City Engineer, as Members, who shall serve as such in an ex-officio capacity without additional compensation. In provinces or cities without Provincial or City Engineers, the Highway District Engineer shall serve as member of the Board, likewise in an ex-officio capacity without additional compensation. In the absence of a regular appointee, the officer performing the duties of the Register of Deeds, or the Provincial or City Auditor, or the Provincial, City or Highway District Engineer whether in an acting capacity or as a duly-designated officer-in-charge shall automatically become the Chairman or member of the said Board, as the case may be.The Chairman of the Board shall have the power to designate any government employee of the province or city to serve as Secretary of the Board also without additional compensation.The Chairman and members of the Local Board shall enter into the duties of their respective positions without need of further appointment or special designation immediately upon approval of this Code. The members of the Board shall each take the following oath, copy of which shall be furnished the Secretary of Finance:"I ____________, having been appointed to the position of __________, hereby solemnly swear that I will well and faithfully discharge to the best of my ability and duties of my present position and of all others I may hereafter hold under the Republic of the Philippines, and that I will support and defend the Constitution of the Philippines; and that I will obey the laws, legal orders, and decrees promulgated by the duly constituted authorities of the Republic of the Philippines; and that I will well and truly hear and determine all matters and issues between taxpayers and the provincial or city assessor submitted for my decision, and that I impose this obligation upon myself voluntarily, without mental reservation or purpose of evasion.So help me God._________________SignatureSUBSCRIBED AND SWORN to before as this ______ day of __________ A.D. _________ at ____________ Philippines.__________________________Signature of Officer administering oath"
Sec. 32. Meetings. — The local Board shall hold sessions at least once a month, and as often as may be necessary for the prompt disposition of the appealed cases pending before it. No member of the Board shall be entitled to per diems or traveling expenses for his attendance in Board sessions, except when conducting an ocular inspection in connection with a case under appeal.
ENACTING A REAL PROPERTY TAX CODE.
WHEREAS, this country cannot progress steadily if its local governments are not potent political subdivisions contributing their proportionate shares to national progress;
WHEREAS, the past decade saw the passage of the Local Autonomy Act, the Barrio Charter, the Decentralization Act and other pieces of legislation intended to make local governments financially self-reliant and stable;
WHEREAS, it is very apparent that in spite of all these laws, local governments still find difficulty in providing adequate funds with which to underwrite basic and essential public services within their respective areas of responsibility;
WHEREAS, studies show that one of the main reasons behind this is the failure of local governments to fully tap the income potentialities of the real property tax;
WHEREAS, to remedy the situation, there is an urgent and compelling need to upgrade assessment services by updating assessment techniques, procedures and practices and thereby bring about equitable distribution of the realty tax burden among real property owners throughout the country;
NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by the Constitution do hereby adopt, promulgate and decree, as it hereby adopted, promulgated and decreed, as part of the law of the land, this decree entitled "The Real Property Tax Code", the context of which follows:
CHAPTER I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 1. Scope. — This Code shall govern the appraisal and assessment of real property for purposes of taxation by provinces, cities and municipalities, as well as the levy, collection and administration of real property tax.
Sec. 2. Fundamental Principles. — The appraisal and assessment of real property for taxation purposes shall be guided by the following fundamental principles:(1) Real property shall be appraised at its current and fair market value;(2) The appraisal of real property shall be uniform in each local political subdivision;(3) Real property shall be classified for assessment purposes on the basis of its actual use;(4) Real property shall be assessed on the basis of a uniform standard of value within each local political subdivision;(5) In no case shall the appraisal and assessment of real property for taxation purposes and the collection of the real property tax be let to any private person; and(6) The goal of property assessment shall be the equitable distribution of the tax burden.
Sec. 3. Definition of Terms. — When used in this Code (a) Actual use — shall refer to the purpose for which the property is principally or predominantly utilized by the persons in possession of the property.(b) Ad Valorem tax — is a levy on real property determined on the basis of a fixed proportion of the value of the property.(c) Agricultural land — land devoted principally to the raising of crops such as rice, corn, sugar cane, tobacco, coconut, etc., or to pasturing, dairying, inland fishery, salt making, and other agricultural uses, including timberlands and forest lands.(d) Appraisal — is the act or process of determining the value of a property as of a specific date for a specific purpose.(e) Assessment — the act or process of determining the value of a property, or proportion thereof, subject to tax, including the discovery, listing and appraisal of properties.(f) Assessment level — is the percentage applied to the market value to determine the taxable or assessed value of the property.(g) Assessed Value — the value placed on taxable property by the assessor for ad valorem tax purposes. The assessed value when multiplied by the tax rate will produce the amount of tax due. It is synonymous to "taxable value."(h) Commercial land — land devoted principally to commercial purposes, and generally for the object of profit.(i) Depreciated Value — the value remaining after deducting depreciation from either the replacement cost or the reproduction cost.(j) Economic life — the estimated period over which it is anticipated that a machinery may profitably be utilized.(k) Improvements — Is a valuable addition made to property or an amelioration in its condition, amounting to more than more repairs or replacement of waste, costing labor or capital, and intended to enhance its value, beauty or utility or to adapt it for new or further purposes.(l) Industrial land — land developed principally to industry as capital investment.(m) Machinery — shall embrace machines, mechanical contrivances, instruments, appliances and apparatus attached to the real estate. It includes the physical facilities available for production, as well as the installations and appurtenant service facilities, together with all other equipment designed for or essential to its manufacturing, industrial or agricultural purposes.(n) Market value — is defined as "the highest price estimated in terms of money which the property will buy if exposed for sale in the open market allowing a reasonable time to find a purchaser who buys with knowledge of all the uses to which it is adapted and for which it is capable of being used." It is also referred to as `the price which a willing seller would sell and willing buyer would buy, neither being under abnormal pressure."(o) Mineral lands — are those lands in which minerals exist in sufficient quantity or grade to justify the necessary expenditures to be incurred in extracting and utilizing such minerals.(p) Original cost — for newly acquired machinery not yet depreciated and appraised within the year of its purchase, refers to the actual cost of the machinery to its present owner (plus the cost of transportation, handling and installation at the present site).(q) Reassessment — the assigning of new assessed values to property, particularly real estate, as the result of a general, partial or individual reappraisal of the property.(r) Remaining economic life — the period of time (years) from the date of appraisal to the date when the machinery becomes valueless.(s) Remaining value — the value corresponding to the remaining useful life of the machinery.(t) Replacement or reproduction cost (new) — the cost that would be incurred on the basis of current prices, in acquiring an equally desirable substitute property, or the cost of reproducing a new replica property on the basis of current prices with the same or closely similar material.(u) Residential land — land principally devoted to habitation.
Sec. 4. Administration of the Real Property Tax. — The Department of Finance shall be primarily responsible for the proper, efficient and effective administration of the real property tax and for this purpose it shall:
a) Evolve a comprehensive system of real property appraisal that will ensure fair and realistic property valuations for taxation purposes;(b) Establish uniform assessment methods and procedures that will equalize property values in each local political subdivision:(c) Ensure that the ad valorem tax on real property shall be just, uniform and equitable;(d) Adopt the necessary measures that will promote maximum tax collection efficiency at the local levels;(e) Provide for the optimum utilization by the local governments of the proceeds from the real property tax; and (f) Formulate and adopt policies and procedures that will improve technical skills and develop reasonable standards of performance in the local assessment and treasury services.In order to attain the foregoing objectives, the Secretary of Finance shall exercise direct executive supervision over all assessment and treasury officials and personnel in the local governments.
CHAPTER IIAPPRAISAL AND ASSESSMENT OF REAL PROPERTY
Sec. 5. Appraisal of Real Property. — All real property, whether taxable or exempt, shall be appraised at the current and fair market value prevailing in the locality where the property is situated.
Sec. 6. Declarations of Real Property by Owner or Administrator. — It shall be the duty of all persons, natural or juridical, owning or administering real property, including the improvements therein, within a city or municipality, or their duly authorized representative, to prepare, or cause to be prepared, and file with the provincial or city assessor, a sworn statement declaring the true value of their property, whether previously declared or undeclared, taxable or exempt, which shall be the current and fair market value of the property, as determined by the declarant. Such declaration shall contain a description of the property sufficient in detail to enable the assessor or his deputy to identify the same for assessment purposes. The sworn declaration of real property herein referred to shall be filed with the assessor concerned once every five years during the period from January first to June thirtieth, commencing with the calendar year 1977, unless required earlier by the Secretary of Finance.
Sec. 7. Declaration of Real Property by the Assessor. — When any person, natural or juridical, by whom real property is required to be declared under Section six hereof refuses or fails for any reason to make such declaration within the time prescribed, the provincial or city assessor shall himself declare the property in the name of the defaulting owner, if known, or against an unknown owner, as the case may be, and shall assess the property for taxation in accordance with the provisions of this Code. No oath shall be required of a declaration thus made by the provincial or city assessor.
Sec. 8. Listing of Real Property in the Assessment Rolls. — In every province and city, there shall be prepared and maintained by the provincial or city assessor an assessment roll wherein shall be listed all real property, whether taxable or exempt, located within the province or city. Real property shall be listed and valued in the name of the owner or administrator, or anyone having legal interest in the property.The undivided real property of a deceased person may be listed and valued in the name of the estate, or of the heirs and devisee without designating them individually; and undivided real property other than owned by a deceased may be listed and valued in the name of one or more co-owners; Provided; however, That such heir, devisee or co-owner shall be liable severally for all obligations imposed by this Code and for the payment of the real property tax with respect to the undivided property.The real property of a corporation, partnership or association shall be entered and assessed in the same manner as that of an individual.Real property owned by the Republic of the Philippines, its political subdivisions and any government-owned corporation so exempt by its charter, the beneficial use of which has been granted, for consideration or otherwise, to a taxable person, shall be listed for purposes of taxation in the name of the grantee, or of the public entity if such property has been acquired for resale or lease.The assessment roll shall be prepared in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Finance.
Sec. 9. Proof of Exemption of Real Property from Taxation. — Every person by or for whom real property is declared, who shall claim tax exemption for such property under this Code shall file with the provincial or city assessor within thirty days from the date of the declaration of real property sufficient documentary evidence in support of such claim, including corporate charters, titles or ownerships, articles of incorporation, by-laws, contracts, affidavits and certifications and mortgage deeds, and similar documents.If the required evidence is not submitted within the period herein prescribed, the property shall be listed as taxable in the assessment roll. However, it shall be proven to be tax exempt the same shall be dropped from the roll of taxable properties.
Sec. 10. Real property Identification System. — All declarations of real property made under the provisions of this Code shall be kept and filed under a uniform identification system to be established by the provincial of city assessors in accordance with the rules and regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Finance.
Sec. 11. Notification of Transfer of Real Property Ownership. — Any person who shall transfer real property ownership to another shall notify the assessor of the province or city wherein the property is situated within sixty days from the date of such transfer. The notification shall include the particulars of the transfer, description of the property alienated, and the name and address of the transferee.
Sec. 12. Duty of Register of Deeds to Apprise Assessor of Real Property Listed in Registry. — To ascertain whether or not any real property entered in the Registry of Property has escaped discovery and listing for the purpose of taxation, the Register of Deeds shall prepare and submit to the provincial or city assessor, within two years from the date of approval of this Code an abstract of his registry, which shall include brief but sufficient description of the real properties entered therein, their present owners and the dates of their most recent transfer or alienation's accompanied by copies of corresponding deeds of sale, donation or partition or other form of alienation.It shall also be the duty of the Register of Deeds to require every person who shall present for registration a document of transfer, alienation or encumbrance of real property to accompany the same with a certificate to the effect that the real property subject of the transfer, alienation or encumbrance, as the case may be, has been fully paid of all real property taxes due thereon. Failure to provide such certificate shall be a valid cause for the Register of Deeds to refuse the registration of the document.
Sec. 13. Duty of Official Issuing Building Permit or Certificates of Registration of Machinery to Transmit Copy to Assessor. — Any public official or employee who may now or hereafter be required by law or regulation to issue to any person a permit for the construction, addition, repair or renovation of a building or permanent improvement, on land, or a certificate or registration for any machinery, including machines, mechanical contrivances, and apparatus, attached or affixed on land, or to another real property shall transmit a copy of such permit or certificate, within thirty days of its issuance, to the assessor of the province or city wherein the property is situated.
Sec. 14. Duty of Surveyors to Furnish Copy of Plans to Assessors. — It shall be the duty of all surveyors, public or private, to furnish free of charge to the assessor of the province or city where the land is located with a white or blue print copy of each of all approved original or subdivision plans or maps of surveys executed by them within thirty days from receipt of such plans from the Bureau of Land or Land Registration Commission or the National Urban Planning Commission, as the case may be.
Sec. 15. Preparation of Schedule of Values. — Before any general revision of property assessments is made, as provided in this Code, there shall be prepared for the province or city a Schedule of Market Values for the different classes of real property therein situated in such form and detail as shall be prescribed by the Secretary of Finance.
Said schedule, together with an abstract of the data on which it is based, shall be submitted to the Secretary of Finance for review not later than the thirty-first day of December immediately preceding the calendar year the general revision of assessments shall be undertaken. The Secretary of Finance shall have ninety days from the date or receipt within which to review said schedule to determine whether it conforms with the provisions of this Code.
Sec. 16. Authority of Assessor to Take Evidence. — For the purpose of obtaining information on which to base the market value of any real property, the provincial or city assessor, or his deputy, may summon witnesses, administer oaths and take deposition, concerning the property, its ownership, amount, nature and value.
Sec. 17. Amendment of Schedules of Market Values. — For the correction of errors or inequalities in any schedule of market values, the provincial or city assessor shall, on his own initiative or upon the direction of the Secretary of Finance, prepare an amendment designed to remedy such errors or inequalities. Such amendments shall likewise be subject to review by the Secretary of Finance within ninety days from the date of receipt thereof.
Sec. 18. Classes of Real Property for Assessment Purposes. — For purposes of assessment, real property shall be classified as residential, agricultural, commercial or industrial and also as mineral in the case of lands.Mineral lands shall be further classified as follows:(a) Metallic mineral lands, which shall include:(1) Patented lode mining claims, producing or non-producing;(2) Unpatented producing lode mining claims which may be patented;(3) Unpatented non-producing the lode mining claims which may be patented;(4) Patented placer mining claims, producing or non-producing;(5) Unpatented producing placer mining claims which may be patented; and(6) Unpatented non-producing placer mining claims which may be patented.(b) Non-metallic mineral lands, which shall include:(1) Patented, producing or non-producing;(2) Unpatented, producing which may be patented; and(3) Unpatented, non-producing, which may be patented.Definition of Terms. — "Patented" mineral lands are those lands covered by a duly issue mineral patent signed by the President of the Philippines."Unpatented" mineral lands are those lands which were located as mining claims under the provisions of the Philippine Bill of 1902 but are not yet covered by a mineral patent."Producing patented mineral claims" are those claims producing minerals for commercial purposes."Non-producing patented mineral claims" are those claims which are only in the stage of exploration and development and has not produced minerals for commercial production.A "lode mineral claim" is a parcel of mineral lands containing a vein, lode, ledge, lens, or mass of ore in place which has been located in accordance with law.A "placer claim" is that which does not come under the definition of "lode mineral claim.""Placer deposits" are in loose, fragmentary or broken rocks, boulders, floats, beds or deposits."Metallic" deposits are those which contain any of the metallic elements or minerals, or their combination, such as gold, silver, platinum, tin, chromium, iron, manganese, copper, nickel, lead, zinc cinnabar, tungsten and the like."Non-metallic" deposits are all other deposits not covered by the above "metallic" deposits.In case of conflict between the above definitions and those appearing in the Mining Act as amended, the latter shall prevail.Special Classes of Real Property. -All lands, buildings and other improvements thereon, actually, directly and exclusively used for educational, cultural, recreational or scientific purposes, as well as hospitals not owned and operated by the government or by any of its instrumentalities, shall be classified as special.
Sec. 19. Actual Use of Real Property as Basis for Assessment. — Real property shall be assessed on the basis of its actual use regardless of where located and whoever uses it.The Secretary of Finance shall issue guidelines for the proper implementation of the provisions of this Section.
Sec. 20. Assessment Levels. — The assessment levels to be applied to the current market values of real property for taxation purposes shall be as follows:(a) On Lands. — The assessment levels in the province or city shall be maintained at the current levels of thirty per cent for residential lands; forty per cent for agricultural lands; and fifty per cent for commercial or industrial lands.(b) Mineral Lands. — For purposes of taxation, mineral lands not covered by lease shall be appraised at fifty per cent of their market value to be determined by the Secretary of Finance upon consultation with the Director of Mines: Provided, however, that mineral lands covered by leases shall be declared for taxation purposes either by the owner of the land or lessee and the assessment level thereof shall be maintained at the current level of fifty per cent.(c) On Buildings, Machineries and other Improvements. — The assessment levels now prevailing in the province or city shall be maintained but which shall in no case be lower than the assessment levels for lands hereinabove prescribed nor more than eighty per cent of the market value, except buildings used exclusively for residential purpose.(d) Special Classes. — The assessment level for all lands, buildings and other improvement thereon, actually, directly and exclusively used for educational, cultural or scientific purposes, as well as hospitals not owned and operated by the government or by any of its instrumentalities shall be fifteen per cent of the market value of such property and for those exclusively used for recreational purposes, thirty per cent of their market value.For the First general revision of assessments to be undertaken after the approval of this Code and every five years thereafter, the assessment levels hereinabove prescribed for the different classes of real property may be increased at rates to be fixed by the Secretary of Finance but in no case shall such increase in rates exceed ten per cent of the assessment levels herein prescribed for each class of real property.
Sec. 21. General Revision of Assessments. — Beginning with the calendar year 1978, the provincial or city assessor shall make a general revision of real property assessments in the province or city to take effect January 1, 1979, and once every five years thereafter: Provided, however, That if property values in a province or city, or in any municipality, have greatly changed since the last general revision, the provincial or city assessor may, with the approval of the Secretary of Finance or upon his direction, undertake a general revision of assessments in the province or city, or in any municipality before the fifth year from the effectively of the last general revision.
Sec. 22. Valuation of Real Property. — Upon the discovery of real property or during the general revision of property assessments as provided in Section twenty-one of this Code or at any time when requested by the person in whose name the property is declared, the provincial or city assessor or his authorized deputy shall make an appraisal and assessment in accordance with Section five hereof of the real property listed and described in the declaration irrespective of any previous assessment or taxpayer's valuation thereon: Provided; however, That the assessment of real property shall not be increased oftener than once every five years in the absence of new improvements increasing the value of said property or of any change in its use, except as otherwise provided in this Code.
Sec. 23. Certification of Revised Values to the Secretary of Finance. — When the provincial or city assessor shall have finished a general revision of property assessments for any province, municipality or city, he shall so certify to the Secretary of Finance and the assessments shall become effective and taxes shall accrue and be payable thereunder in accordance with the provisions of this Code.
Sec. 24. Date of Effectivity of Assessment or Reassessment. — All assessments or reassessments made after the first day of January of any year shall take effect on the first day of January of the succeeding year: Provided, however, That the reassessment of real property due to its partial or total destruction, or to a major change in its actual use, or to any great and sudden inflation or deflation of real property values, or to the gross illegality of the assessment when made or to any other abnormal cause, shall be made within ninety days from the date any such cause or causes occurred, the same to take effect at the beginning of the quarter next following the reassessment.
Sec. 25. Assessment of Property Subject to Back Taxes. — Real property declared for the first time shall have back taxes assessed against it for the period during which it would have been liable if assessed from the first in proper course but in no case for more than ten years prior to the year of initial assessment; Provided, however, that the back taxes shall be computed on the basis of the applicable schedule of values in force during the corresponding period.If said taxes are paid before the expiration of the tax collection period next ensuing, no penalty for delinquency shall be imposed, otherwise the taxes shall be subject to all the penalties to which they would have been liable and had they originally become delinquent after assessment of the property in the usual course.
Sec. 26. Binding effect of Assessment or Reassessment. — All assessments and reassessments made under the provisions of this Code shall be valid and binding on all persons having legal interest on the property.
Sec. 27. Notification of New or Revised Assessments. — When real property is assessed for the first time or when an exercising assessment is increased or decreased, the province or city shall within thirty days give written notice of such new or revised assessment to the person in whose name the property is declared. The notice may be delivered personally to such person or to the occupant in possession, if any, or by mail to the last known address of the person to be served, or through the assistance of the barrio captain.
Sec. 28. Appraising Machinery. — The current market value of the machinery shall be determined on the basis of the original cost in the case of newly acquired machinery not yet depreciated and is appraised within the year of its purchase. In the case of all others, the current market value shall be determined by dividing the remaining economic life of the machinery by its economic life and multiplied by the replacement or reproduction cost (new) of said machinery.If the machinery is imported, replacement or reproduction cost (new) shall be the original acquisition cost which would normally include such costs as freight and insurance charges, brokerage, arrastre and handling, customs duties and taxes plus cost of inland transportation and handling, and significant installation charges at the present site. The cost in foreign currency of imported machinery shall be converted to peso cost on the basis of foreign currency exchange rates as fixed by the Central Bank of the Philippines.
Sec. 29. Depreciation Allowance for Machinery. — For purposes of assessment, a depreciation allowance shall be made for machinery at a rate not exceeding ten per cent of its original cost or its replacement or reproduction cost (new), as the case may be, for each year of use: Provided, That the remaining value for all kinds of machinery shall be fixed at not less than twenty per cent of such original or replacement cost for so long as the machinery is useful and in operation.CHAPTER IIIASSESSMENT APPEALS
Sec. 30. Local Board of Assessment Appeals. — Any owner who is not satisfied with the action of the provincial or city assessor in the assessment of his property may, within sixty days from the date of receipt by him of the written notice of assessment as provided in this Code, appeal to the Board of Assessment appeals of the province or city, by filing with it a petition under oath using the form prescribed for the purpose, together with copies of the tax declarations and such affidavit or documents submitted in support of the appeal.
Sec. 31. Organization, Powers and Functions of the local Board of Assessment Appeals. — The Local Board of Assessment Appeals shall be composed of three members: the Register of Deeds, as Chairman, the Provincial of City Auditor and the Provincial or City Engineer, as Members, who shall serve as such in an ex-officio capacity without additional compensation. In provinces or cities without Provincial or City Engineers, the Highway District Engineer shall serve as member of the Board, likewise in an ex-officio capacity without additional compensation. In the absence of a regular appointee, the officer performing the duties of the Register of Deeds, or the Provincial or City Auditor, or the Provincial, City or Highway District Engineer whether in an acting capacity or as a duly-designated officer-in-charge shall automatically become the Chairman or member of the said Board, as the case may be.The Chairman of the Board shall have the power to designate any government employee of the province or city to serve as Secretary of the Board also without additional compensation.The Chairman and members of the Local Board shall enter into the duties of their respective positions without need of further appointment or special designation immediately upon approval of this Code. The members of the Board shall each take the following oath, copy of which shall be furnished the Secretary of Finance:"I ____________, having been appointed to the position of __________, hereby solemnly swear that I will well and faithfully discharge to the best of my ability and duties of my present position and of all others I may hereafter hold under the Republic of the Philippines, and that I will support and defend the Constitution of the Philippines; and that I will obey the laws, legal orders, and decrees promulgated by the duly constituted authorities of the Republic of the Philippines; and that I will well and truly hear and determine all matters and issues between taxpayers and the provincial or city assessor submitted for my decision, and that I impose this obligation upon myself voluntarily, without mental reservation or purpose of evasion.So help me God._________________SignatureSUBSCRIBED AND SWORN to before as this ______ day of __________ A.D. _________ at ____________ Philippines.__________________________Signature of Officer administering oath"
Sec. 32. Meetings. — The local Board shall hold sessions at least once a month, and as often as may be necessary for the prompt disposition of the appealed cases pending before it. No member of the Board shall be entitled to per diems or traveling expenses for his attendance in Board sessions, except when conducting an ocular inspection in connection with a case under appeal.
Sunday, March 2, 2008
Fingernail Test
HOW TO DETECT A 2-WAY MIRROR:
When we visit toilets, bathrooms, hotel rooms, changing rooms, etc. How many of you know for sure that the seemingly ordinary mirror hanging on the wall is a real mirror, or actually a 2-way mirror ( i.e., they can see you, but you can't see them).
There have been many cases of people installing 2-way mirrors in female changing rooms. It is very difficult to positively identify the surface by just looking at it.
So, how do we determine with any amount of certainty what type of mirror we are looking at? Just conduct this simple test: Place the tip of your fingernail against the reflective surface and if there is a GAP between your fingernail and the image of the nail, then it is a GENUINE mirror.
However, if your fingernail DIRECTLY TOUCHES the image of your nail, then BEWARE, FOR IT IS A 2-WAY MIRROR! So remember , every time you see a mirror, do the "fingernail test." It doesn't cost you anything. It is simple to do, and it might save you from getting "visually raped"!
This is a really good thing to do. The reason there is a gap on a real mirror, is because the silver is on the back of the mirror UNDER the glass. As a two-way mirror, the silver is on the surface. Keep it in mind!
Ladies: Share this with your girl friends.
Men: Share this with your wives, daughters and/or girlfriend or friends.
PASS THIS ON FOR SAFETY
Source: email
When we visit toilets, bathrooms, hotel rooms, changing rooms, etc. How many of you know for sure that the seemingly ordinary mirror hanging on the wall is a real mirror, or actually a 2-way mirror ( i.e., they can see you, but you can't see them).
There have been many cases of people installing 2-way mirrors in female changing rooms. It is very difficult to positively identify the surface by just looking at it.
So, how do we determine with any amount of certainty what type of mirror we are looking at? Just conduct this simple test: Place the tip of your fingernail against the reflective surface and if there is a GAP between your fingernail and the image of the nail, then it is a GENUINE mirror.
However, if your fingernail DIRECTLY TOUCHES the image of your nail, then BEWARE, FOR IT IS A 2-WAY MIRROR! So remember , every time you see a mirror, do the "fingernail test." It doesn't cost you anything. It is simple to do, and it might save you from getting "visually raped"!
This is a really good thing to do. The reason there is a gap on a real mirror, is because the silver is on the back of the mirror UNDER the glass. As a two-way mirror, the silver is on the surface. Keep it in mind!
Ladies: Share this with your girl friends.
Men: Share this with your wives, daughters and/or girlfriend or friends.
PASS THIS ON FOR SAFETY
Source: email
Sunday, February 24, 2008
PGMA Downfall
Written by : Deus
ZTE Star witness Mr. Jun Lozada made an appearance to the media ‘preaching’ all the things he knows about the ZTE broadband deal that led to disclose some prominent persons like FG Mike Arroyo, Benhur Abalos, Neri, Lucio Tan and many more. And made him fame-an instant star or in a civilized manner made an impact to the Filipino public by beseeching their random thoughts. Also perhaps, should I say the forerunner of storm of revolt that was to scatter to the winds all seeds of reaction. He manages to get the sympathy of religious sector and opposition persona. Clearly, they wanted to portray the 1986 People Power that ousts the dictatorship regime of Marcos. Started last week they began to render the new version of People Power to overthrow PGMA regime, they said they want to stop the corruption.
I’m only wondering why they want to overthrown the President in the first place the problem is not the president it’s the system and following of procedures. After they oust PGMA, what will happen next? They don’t have concrete platform for the new system or new order. Emancipation can only be attaining by means of proper reform, good laws and strict implementation of rules. We should spread the sunshine until then the reality of welfare of the common goods will be possible. Why not help build the society you want to live in.
ZTE Star witness Mr. Jun Lozada made an appearance to the media ‘preaching’ all the things he knows about the ZTE broadband deal that led to disclose some prominent persons like FG Mike Arroyo, Benhur Abalos, Neri, Lucio Tan and many more. And made him fame-an instant star or in a civilized manner made an impact to the Filipino public by beseeching their random thoughts. Also perhaps, should I say the forerunner of storm of revolt that was to scatter to the winds all seeds of reaction. He manages to get the sympathy of religious sector and opposition persona. Clearly, they wanted to portray the 1986 People Power that ousts the dictatorship regime of Marcos. Started last week they began to render the new version of People Power to overthrow PGMA regime, they said they want to stop the corruption.
I’m only wondering why they want to overthrown the President in the first place the problem is not the president it’s the system and following of procedures. After they oust PGMA, what will happen next? They don’t have concrete platform for the new system or new order. Emancipation can only be attaining by means of proper reform, good laws and strict implementation of rules. We should spread the sunshine until then the reality of welfare of the common goods will be possible. Why not help build the society you want to live in.
Sunday, February 3, 2008
Yuwie Make Money Online Scam
You want million cash. It’s yours to take. Just invite friends and sign up. For a background, Yuwie is a Social Networking website much like MySpace or FaceBook or also Friendster, but they pay us for participating by sharing the ad revenue that's generated from all the traffic we encourage with our content. The more fun you have, the more pages get viewed, the more ads get displayed and the more money we can make.
Welcome and thank you for visiting Deus Project. Please browse the site and enjoy! You may also click on the links above to see what stores for you.
Feel free to leave your message and email address on the links in the add comment area so I can acknowledge it accordingly.
thanks,
deus the great
Welcome and thank you for visiting Deus Project. Please browse the site and enjoy! You may also click on the links above to see what stores for you.
Feel free to leave your message and email address on the links in the add comment area so I can acknowledge it accordingly.
thanks,
deus the great
Wednesday, January 23, 2008
COMMONLY USED MEDICINES OR DRUGS
Branded or Generic it makes no difference?
Medicines are substance used for treating disease. In spite of advances of technology resulting from the outstanding success of drug manufacturer in producing drugs, there is still some uncertainty as to how we are use the medicines or drugs wisely and responsibility. Clearly some people have less knowledge about prescribing of drugs and misuse of drugs. In order to address the problems, details contains description of the commonly used listed under their generic and proprietary names are as follows:
Paracetamol
A non-narcotic ANALGESIC used to treat all forms of mild to moderate pain; although it is also effective in reducing high body temperature it has no capacity for relieving inflammation.
Side-effects:
There are few side-effects if dosage is low; high overdosage or prolonged use may result in liver dysfunction.
Warning:
Paracetamol should be administered with caution to patients with impaired liver function or who suffer from alcoholism.
Aspirin
Acetylsalicylic acid or Aspirin is a popular and widely used non-narcotic Analgesic, which also has Anti-Inflammatory properties and is useful in reducing high body temperature (Antipyretic). As an analgesic it relieves mild to moderate pain particularly headache, toothache, menstrual pain and the aches of rheumatic disease. Its temperature reducing capacity helps in the treatment of the common colds, fevers or influenza.
Side-effects:
Gastric irritation with or without haemorrhage is common, although such effects may be neutralized to some extent by taking the drug after food.
Warning:
Irritation of the stomach lining may, in susceptible patients, cause nausea, vomiting, headache, hyperventilation, and sometimes a state of confusion or delirium followed by coma.
Analgesic
A drug that relieves pain. And because pain is a subjective experience that can arise from many causes, there are many ways that drugs can be used to relieve it. However, the term analgesic is best restricted to two main classes of drug. First, the narcotic analgesics are drugs such as Morphine, which have powerful actions on the central nervous system and alter the perception of pain. Second, non-analgesics are drugs such as Aspirin, which have no serious tendency to produce dependence, but are by no means free of side-effects. As part from these two main classes, there are other drugs that are sometimes referred to as analgesics because of their ability to relieve the pain.
Phenylpropanolamine
A Sympathomimetic drug that has a strong relaxant effect on certain muscles of the body, including especially the muscles of the bladder that contract to allow urine to escape through the urethra. Therefore, the drug is primarily used under medical supervision to treat urinary inconsistence. However, it is used also to relieve the symptoms of some allergic disorder, such as asthma and hay fever, often when administered with an antihistamine.
Side-effects:
There are many anxiety, restlessness and insomnia, with dry mouth, sweating, and cold extremities; urinary retention may occur. Some patients experience tremor and heartbeat irregularities.
Warning:
It should not be administered to patients with high blood pressure (hypertension), over activity of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism), coronary heart disease or diabetes, or who are taking antidepressant drugs.
Salbutamol
A Bronchodilator, of the type known as a selective Beta-receptor stimulant, used to treat asthmatic bronchospasm, emphysema and chronic bronchitis. It is sometimes also used to prevent or delay premature labour. It has fewer cardiac side-effects than previous drugs of its type. It is administered orally in the form of tablets, as sustained-release tablets, as a sugar free liquid, and as an inhalant from aerosol, nebulizer, inhalation cartridge, powder disc, or ventilator; it is also administered by injection or infusion.
Side-effects:
There may be headache and nervous tension, associated with tingling of the fingertips and a fine tremor of the hands.
Warning:
It should be administered with caution to patients with disorders of the thyroid gland, heart disease or hypertension (high blood pressure), who are elderly, or who are pregnant.
Carbocisteine
A mucolytic drug, used accordingly to reduce viscosity of sputum and thus facilitate expectoration (the coughing up of sputum) in patients with disorders of the upper respiratory tract such as asthma and bronchitis. It may also used to treat accumulation of mucus in the middle ear in children.
Side-effects:
Uncommon, but there may be gastrointestinal disturbance, with nausea, or a rash.
Warning:
Carbocisteine should not be administered to patients with a peptic ulcer; it should be administered with caution to those who are pregnant.
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride
An Anti-histamine, one of the first to discover, used to treat allergic conditions such as hay fever and urticaria, some forms of dermatitis, and some sensitivity reactions to drugs. Its additional sedative properties are useful in the treatment of some allergic conditions, but the fact that it is also an Antinauseant makes it useful in the treatment or prevention of travel sickness, vertigo, and infections of the inner and middle ears too. Administration is oral in the form of capsules.
Side-effects:
Sedation may effect patient’s capacity for speed of thought and movement; there may be headache and/ or weight gain, dry mouth, gastrointestinal disturbances and visual problems.
Warning:
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride should not be administered to patients with glaucoma, urinary retention, intestinal obstruction, enlargement of the prostate glands, or peptic ulcer, or who are pregnant; it should be administered with caution to those who suffer from epilepsy or liver disease.
Dextromethorphan
An antitussive, an opiate that is used singly or in combination with other drugs in linctuses, syrups and lozenges to relieve dry or painful coughs.
Side-effects:
Constipation is a comparatively common side effect.
Warning:
Dextromethorphan should not be administered to patients who suffer from liver disease. Used as a linctus, it may cause sputum retention, which may be injurious to patients with asthma, chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis (two conditions for which linctuses are common prescribed).
Mefenamic Acid
A non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory, non-narcotic Analgesic. It is primarily used to treat mild to moderate pain in rheumatic disease and other musculo-skeletal disorders, although it may also be used either to reduce high body temperature (especially in children) or to lessen the pain of menstrual problems.
Side-effects:
There may be drowsiness and dizziness; some patients experience nausea; gastrointestinal disturbances may eventually result in ulceration. Treatment should be withdrawn if diarrhoea, jaundice, anaemia or sensitivity reactions such as asthma like symptoms occur.
Warning:
It should not be administered to patients with inflammations in the intestines, peptic ulcers or impaired liver or kidney function; or who are pregnant. It should be administered with caution to those with any allergic condition (including asthma). Prolonged treatment requires regular blood counts.
Ibuprofen
A non-steroidal, Anti-Inflammatory, non-narcotic Analgesic drug used primarily to treat the pain of rheumatism and other musculo-skeletal disorders, but also used sometimes to treat other forms of pain, including menstrual pain (dysmenorrhoea). In its anti-inflammatory capacity it is not as powerful as many other drugs, however, and dosage tends to be high to compensate. Administration is oral in the form of tablets or sustained release capsules, or syrup.
Side-effects:
Administration with or following meals reduces the risk of gastrointestinal disturbance and nausea. But there may be headache, dizziness and ringing in the ears (tinnitus), and some patients experience sensitivity reactions or blood disorders. Occasionally, there is fluid retention.
Warning:
It shoud be administered with caution to patients with impaired liver or kidney function, gastric ulcers, or severe allergies (including asthma), or who are pregnant.
If find this articles interesting, Deus It. And also if you have things in mind you want to talk about don’t hesitate to leave comments. Thanks.
Medicines are substance used for treating disease. In spite of advances of technology resulting from the outstanding success of drug manufacturer in producing drugs, there is still some uncertainty as to how we are use the medicines or drugs wisely and responsibility. Clearly some people have less knowledge about prescribing of drugs and misuse of drugs. In order to address the problems, details contains description of the commonly used listed under their generic and proprietary names are as follows:
Paracetamol
A non-narcotic ANALGESIC used to treat all forms of mild to moderate pain; although it is also effective in reducing high body temperature it has no capacity for relieving inflammation.
Side-effects:
There are few side-effects if dosage is low; high overdosage or prolonged use may result in liver dysfunction.
Warning:
Paracetamol should be administered with caution to patients with impaired liver function or who suffer from alcoholism.
Aspirin
Acetylsalicylic acid or Aspirin is a popular and widely used non-narcotic Analgesic, which also has Anti-Inflammatory properties and is useful in reducing high body temperature (Antipyretic). As an analgesic it relieves mild to moderate pain particularly headache, toothache, menstrual pain and the aches of rheumatic disease. Its temperature reducing capacity helps in the treatment of the common colds, fevers or influenza.
Side-effects:
Gastric irritation with or without haemorrhage is common, although such effects may be neutralized to some extent by taking the drug after food.
Warning:
Irritation of the stomach lining may, in susceptible patients, cause nausea, vomiting, headache, hyperventilation, and sometimes a state of confusion or delirium followed by coma.
Analgesic
A drug that relieves pain. And because pain is a subjective experience that can arise from many causes, there are many ways that drugs can be used to relieve it. However, the term analgesic is best restricted to two main classes of drug. First, the narcotic analgesics are drugs such as Morphine, which have powerful actions on the central nervous system and alter the perception of pain. Second, non-analgesics are drugs such as Aspirin, which have no serious tendency to produce dependence, but are by no means free of side-effects. As part from these two main classes, there are other drugs that are sometimes referred to as analgesics because of their ability to relieve the pain.
Phenylpropanolamine
A Sympathomimetic drug that has a strong relaxant effect on certain muscles of the body, including especially the muscles of the bladder that contract to allow urine to escape through the urethra. Therefore, the drug is primarily used under medical supervision to treat urinary inconsistence. However, it is used also to relieve the symptoms of some allergic disorder, such as asthma and hay fever, often when administered with an antihistamine.
Side-effects:
There are many anxiety, restlessness and insomnia, with dry mouth, sweating, and cold extremities; urinary retention may occur. Some patients experience tremor and heartbeat irregularities.
Warning:
It should not be administered to patients with high blood pressure (hypertension), over activity of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism), coronary heart disease or diabetes, or who are taking antidepressant drugs.
Salbutamol
A Bronchodilator, of the type known as a selective Beta-receptor stimulant, used to treat asthmatic bronchospasm, emphysema and chronic bronchitis. It is sometimes also used to prevent or delay premature labour. It has fewer cardiac side-effects than previous drugs of its type. It is administered orally in the form of tablets, as sustained-release tablets, as a sugar free liquid, and as an inhalant from aerosol, nebulizer, inhalation cartridge, powder disc, or ventilator; it is also administered by injection or infusion.
Side-effects:
There may be headache and nervous tension, associated with tingling of the fingertips and a fine tremor of the hands.
Warning:
It should be administered with caution to patients with disorders of the thyroid gland, heart disease or hypertension (high blood pressure), who are elderly, or who are pregnant.
Carbocisteine
A mucolytic drug, used accordingly to reduce viscosity of sputum and thus facilitate expectoration (the coughing up of sputum) in patients with disorders of the upper respiratory tract such as asthma and bronchitis. It may also used to treat accumulation of mucus in the middle ear in children.
Side-effects:
Uncommon, but there may be gastrointestinal disturbance, with nausea, or a rash.
Warning:
Carbocisteine should not be administered to patients with a peptic ulcer; it should be administered with caution to those who are pregnant.
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride
An Anti-histamine, one of the first to discover, used to treat allergic conditions such as hay fever and urticaria, some forms of dermatitis, and some sensitivity reactions to drugs. Its additional sedative properties are useful in the treatment of some allergic conditions, but the fact that it is also an Antinauseant makes it useful in the treatment or prevention of travel sickness, vertigo, and infections of the inner and middle ears too. Administration is oral in the form of capsules.
Side-effects:
Sedation may effect patient’s capacity for speed of thought and movement; there may be headache and/ or weight gain, dry mouth, gastrointestinal disturbances and visual problems.
Warning:
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride should not be administered to patients with glaucoma, urinary retention, intestinal obstruction, enlargement of the prostate glands, or peptic ulcer, or who are pregnant; it should be administered with caution to those who suffer from epilepsy or liver disease.
Dextromethorphan
An antitussive, an opiate that is used singly or in combination with other drugs in linctuses, syrups and lozenges to relieve dry or painful coughs.
Side-effects:
Constipation is a comparatively common side effect.
Warning:
Dextromethorphan should not be administered to patients who suffer from liver disease. Used as a linctus, it may cause sputum retention, which may be injurious to patients with asthma, chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis (two conditions for which linctuses are common prescribed).
Mefenamic Acid
A non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory, non-narcotic Analgesic. It is primarily used to treat mild to moderate pain in rheumatic disease and other musculo-skeletal disorders, although it may also be used either to reduce high body temperature (especially in children) or to lessen the pain of menstrual problems.
Side-effects:
There may be drowsiness and dizziness; some patients experience nausea; gastrointestinal disturbances may eventually result in ulceration. Treatment should be withdrawn if diarrhoea, jaundice, anaemia or sensitivity reactions such as asthma like symptoms occur.
Warning:
It should not be administered to patients with inflammations in the intestines, peptic ulcers or impaired liver or kidney function; or who are pregnant. It should be administered with caution to those with any allergic condition (including asthma). Prolonged treatment requires regular blood counts.
Ibuprofen
A non-steroidal, Anti-Inflammatory, non-narcotic Analgesic drug used primarily to treat the pain of rheumatism and other musculo-skeletal disorders, but also used sometimes to treat other forms of pain, including menstrual pain (dysmenorrhoea). In its anti-inflammatory capacity it is not as powerful as many other drugs, however, and dosage tends to be high to compensate. Administration is oral in the form of tablets or sustained release capsules, or syrup.
Side-effects:
Administration with or following meals reduces the risk of gastrointestinal disturbance and nausea. But there may be headache, dizziness and ringing in the ears (tinnitus), and some patients experience sensitivity reactions or blood disorders. Occasionally, there is fluid retention.
Warning:
It shoud be administered with caution to patients with impaired liver or kidney function, gastric ulcers, or severe allergies (including asthma), or who are pregnant.
If find this articles interesting, Deus It. And also if you have things in mind you want to talk about don’t hesitate to leave comments. Thanks.
Tuesday, January 22, 2008
Chowking Lunch Set
Chowking pioneered the oriental fastfood outlet in the Philippines. Filipinos love to eat foods because of its strategic location and for its bountiful culture maybe held responsible. It is common for typical Filipinos that foods have the major portion of its everyday expenditure.
Why I’m telling you these because while I’m watching television a commercial of Chowking flash on the screen and relating their new Chowking Lunch Set, comprises of set meal with drinks. With beverages included, to me it is a plus factor. And I started wondering why they don’t release it sooner. Anyways, I would love to try it. Here’s a hint, I don’t believe that ‘There is no such thing as a Free Lunch.’
But if there is a person would be kind enough to treat me, I’m very willing to accept it. Nahh, I’m only just kidding. Thanks for reading. Feel good!
Why I’m telling you these because while I’m watching television a commercial of Chowking flash on the screen and relating their new Chowking Lunch Set, comprises of set meal with drinks. With beverages included, to me it is a plus factor. And I started wondering why they don’t release it sooner. Anyways, I would love to try it. Here’s a hint, I don’t believe that ‘There is no such thing as a Free Lunch.’
But if there is a person would be kind enough to treat me, I’m very willing to accept it. Nahh, I’m only just kidding. Thanks for reading. Feel good!
Thursday, January 17, 2008
Palawan Exploration or Exploitation?
Palawan considered the last frontier of the Philippines because of its tamed and untapped ecosystem. Environment exploitation is rare to happen since they have many concerned agencies that protect the community, but when labor exploitation is at focus the story differ.
Just a disclaimer, the author doesn’t tell the child minor exploitation only occurs in Palawan. Or It doesn’t tend to ruin the reputation of any person or place once said in the article; it only depicts what makes us individual and what makes us to have same equal footing since we are under the same sun and moon; we breath the same air.
Child minor labor exploitation case that I tried to deny but really unveils itself. The event happened one morning while I’m in Puerto Princesa Palawan. An observation that stood above the rest, I noticed that there are three minor laborers working at Sulpicio Lines that mixed in the crowd of adult worker. After a sudden when I got the privileged to ask them some questions, at first they were hesitant for their answers but as the conversation move along I gained their trust. I’d learned that these three minor laborers were working as a stripper, responsible for moving out all the items from inside the container van. And I’d discovered that they receiving 300 pesos per container van they completed to strip off. Considering five members will share that amount. What I’m trying to say was that these people were earning roughly sixty/ seventy pesos on average and it was way off with respect to the standard living. According to the Philippine Government that we needed 180 pesos in order for us to live a normal life.
It seems that life is unfair to these people. Poverty is the common reason for unlikely leaving their childhood dreams and lives in order to compromise the self-centered and hash environment than they experiencing right now; unfortunately it is the reality
Monday, January 14, 2008
New Year’s Resolutions
It’s the time of the year that everyone wants to have a prosperous year and good health. Also, we reminisced the past year before unfolding the next year
Here are my handful New Year’s Resolutions
1. ‘World Peace’ yah alright! Next please.
2.
Can you help me on these? Please comment.
Here are my handful New Year’s Resolutions
1. ‘World Peace’ yah alright! Next please.
2.
Can you help me on these? Please comment.
Thursday, January 10, 2008
Reaching Millions Without Spending A Sweat
(Mutual Fund-How Can You Earn Money- Part02)
If you haven’t read my first article; you have missed a lot! Since, you know now the definition of mutual funds and its advantages and disadvantages (to those who have read, I’ll now discuss ‘ How Can Earn Money From Investing In A Mutual Funds’.
There are many ways:
1. Dividend Payments —Based on the number of shares owned, you will then receive a part of the fund’s earnings (distribution) minus the disclosed expenses.
2. Capital Appreciation — The value of the securities a fund’s share price may rises. When a fund sells a security that has increased in price higher than you paid for them, you make a profit called a capital gain.
3. Increased NAV — If the value of the securities in its portfolio increases (minus disclosed expenses and liabilities) thus, the value net asset value (NAV) of the fund and its shares increases.
Thank you for reading my articles. By the way, if you are interested in investing in a mutual fund. Kindly comment
Thanks and regards. Please watch my next posting.
Tuesday, January 8, 2008
Printing Tips
Having problems such leaks and clogged print heads? Here are some tips to avoid such incidents.
1. Do not remove any ink cartridge from your printer unless it is empty and your printer unless it is empty and you have a ready replacement. Removing empty ink cartridges without replacing them disrupts the ink passages and they eventually dry up. This causes ink clogging and non-ejection of ink on the print head nozzles.
2. Always keep your printer clean. Everyday dust and fluff can contribute to a clogged print head.
3. Shut down the printer using the POWER button. This maintains the print quality, protects the print head from dust and keeps the nozzles wet with ink.
4. Use printer regularly to avoid ink drying due to prolonged non-usage.
If you find this article interesting, Deus it.
For more readings:
investment tips
Monday, January 7, 2008
Philippine Festivals
Mabuhay! Deus is back on track again.
Philippine Festivals
Unique Philippine Festivals is featured cover of Mercury Drug Philippines 2008 Calendar. Each month contains information about the different colorful festivals held each year in the Philippines as they way of supporting and promoting tourism in the country.
January 2008
Feast of the Black Nazarene
Quiapo, Manila City – 2nd week of January
February 2008
Panagbenga Festival
Baguio City – 4th week of February
March 2008
Kaamulan Festival
Malaybalay City, Bukidnon – 1st week of March
April 2008
Bangus Festival
Dagupan City, Pangasinan – 4th week of April
May 2008
Pahiyas Festival
Lucban, Quezon – 2nd week of May
June 2008
Pintados Kasadyaan Festival
Tacloban City, Leyte – 4th week of June
July 2008
Sandugo Festival
Tagbilaran City, Bohol – 3rd week of July
August 2008
Kadayawan Festival
Davao City – 3rd week of August
September 2008
Peñafrancia Viva la Virgen Festival
Naga City, Bicol – 3rd week of September
October 2008
Masskara Festival
Bacolod City – 2nd week of October
November 2008
Higantes Festival
Angono, Rizal – 3rd week of November
December 2008
Tawo-tawo Festival
Bayawan, Negros Oriental – 3rd week of December
January 2008
Feast of the Black Nazarene
The feast of the Black Nazarene in Quiapo Manila, which is celebrated every 9th day of January, is joined by millions of devotees around the country who believes that by continuing their yearly ‘Panata’, the Black Nazarene will grant their prayers and keep them and their loved ones safe from all kinds of calamities, whether natural or man-made.
February 2008
Panagbenga Festival
The Panagbenga Festival which is celebrated every month of February in Baguio City showcases the unique culture of the city. It is one of the most colorful festivals in the Philippines. It draws both local and foreign visitors in the “City of Pines” – eager to witness the colorful procession of multihued costumes worm by local, mimicking the various blooms of highlands region (or any of its 11 ethnic tribes). These are flowerbeds disguised of course as the Panagbenga parade floats.
March 2008
Kaamulan Festival
The Kaamulan Festival is celebrated every month of March by the people of Bukidnon, when the streets of Malaybalay take on that familiar “tribal” and Fiesta theme. Banners, banderitas and beer will be norm, as well as the sweet, haunting sound of native music. An early morning ‘Pamuhat’ ritual kicks off the festivities, to be followed by an ethnic food fest, trade fairs and a lot of native dancing.
April 2008
Bangus Festival
The Bangus Festival or the ‘Pistay Dayat’ is highlighted by the longest bangus grill, covering more than 1,000 meters of the whole stretch of the main road. This one-of-a kind celebration includes the ‘City Bangus Rodeo’, Gilon (Bangus harvest dance parade in bangus inspired costumes amid the beat of drums and upbeat music) ‘Mutyang Dagat’, sport competition/ exhibition and others.
May 2008
Pahiyas Festival
The Pahiyas Festival is celebrated in the province of Quezon every merry month of May, when flowers bloom ther sweetest to usher in a bountiful harvest and smashing good times. But these aren’t the only things flaunted during this grand celebration, in the town of Lucban, Quezon, there’s also the “kiping” – a colorful, translucent rice tortilla that serves as an edible ornament of sorts. It’s a free for all, grab-all-you-can affair with suman-sweet, sticky native rice cakes- as center of contention.
June 2008
Pintados Kasadyaan Festival
The Pintados Kasadyaan Festival is held every month of June in Tacloban City. Back during pre-Hispanic years, tattoos signified courage among natives of Tacloban. These days, they symbolize a cultural revival during this wild and wacky fiesta wherein the town residents deck themselves out in body paint, mimicking the warriors of old while dancing to frenetic beat of drums.
July 2008
Sandugo Festival
The Sandugo Festival is celebrated with an all-out fiesta each month of July in Tagbilaran City to commemorate the historic Spanish colonization of the Philippies, which began with a blood-sealed peace treaty on the shores of Bohol. Check out the Sandugo Street dancing parade featuring ten colorfully- dressed groups dancing to the beat of drums. There’s alaso a Traditional Filipino carnival, a martial arts festival, and Miss Bohol Sandugo Beauty Pageant, among the dozen of other exciting activities.
August 2008
Kadayawan sa Dabaw
Davao’s annual festival popularly known as “Kadayawan sa Dabaw” held every month of August, promises another weekend of fanfare and fun – tribal style. Watch as the festivities reach a glorious climax on Saturday morning: that’s when the Kadayawan parade is held, featuring colorful, orchid-bedecked floats and more than a dozen “ethnic” groups dancing to the beat of wooden drums.
September 2008
Peñafrancia Viva La Virgen
The feast of “Peñafrancia Viva la Virgen” is Bicol Region’s biggest celebration that combines religion with culture and tradition, packing it all in a 9-day fiesta of biblical proportions. Stay until sundown for stirring climax: the fluvial parade as it makes its way down the river, surrounded by a sea of glowing candles – a fitting end of this truly spiritual occasion.
October 2008
Masskara Festival
The “masskara Festival” which made Bacolod famous all over and celebrated annually every month of October, began as an event to “inspire the locals to face the hard times with a smiling face.” Thus masks with smiling faces are worn by locals and visitors alike who join the parade. Street dancing, drum beating, drinking, eating and just being merry – all these shows the resiliency of Negrenses and their zest for life.
November 2008
Higantes Festival
The Higantes Festival, Angono’s joyous fiesta in honor of San Clemente whose image, resplendent in papal vestment, is borne by male devotees during a procession accompanied by “parehadoras” (devotees dressed in colorful local costumes, wooden shoes and carrying boat paddles and “higantes” giant papers mache effigies. The street event culminates in a fluvial procession in Laguna de Bay amidst revelry that continues until the image is brought back to its sanctuary.
December 2008
Tawo-tawo Festival
The Tawo-Tawo Festival is celebrated annually every month of December in Negros Oriental. Street dancing and showdown competitions are held the day before the fiesta, which is joined by hundreds of visitors both local and foreign. They celebra the scarecrows (tawo-tawo) through paper mache higantes as guardians of the town’s crops.
Philippine Festivals
Unique Philippine Festivals is featured cover of Mercury Drug Philippines 2008 Calendar. Each month contains information about the different colorful festivals held each year in the Philippines as they way of supporting and promoting tourism in the country.
January 2008
Feast of the Black Nazarene
Quiapo, Manila City – 2nd week of January
February 2008
Panagbenga Festival
Baguio City – 4th week of February
March 2008
Kaamulan Festival
Malaybalay City, Bukidnon – 1st week of March
April 2008
Bangus Festival
Dagupan City, Pangasinan – 4th week of April
May 2008
Pahiyas Festival
Lucban, Quezon – 2nd week of May
June 2008
Pintados Kasadyaan Festival
Tacloban City, Leyte – 4th week of June
July 2008
Sandugo Festival
Tagbilaran City, Bohol – 3rd week of July
August 2008
Kadayawan Festival
Davao City – 3rd week of August
September 2008
Peñafrancia Viva la Virgen Festival
Naga City, Bicol – 3rd week of September
October 2008
Masskara Festival
Bacolod City – 2nd week of October
November 2008
Higantes Festival
Angono, Rizal – 3rd week of November
December 2008
Tawo-tawo Festival
Bayawan, Negros Oriental – 3rd week of December
January 2008
Feast of the Black Nazarene
The feast of the Black Nazarene in Quiapo Manila, which is celebrated every 9th day of January, is joined by millions of devotees around the country who believes that by continuing their yearly ‘Panata’, the Black Nazarene will grant their prayers and keep them and their loved ones safe from all kinds of calamities, whether natural or man-made.
February 2008
Panagbenga Festival
The Panagbenga Festival which is celebrated every month of February in Baguio City showcases the unique culture of the city. It is one of the most colorful festivals in the Philippines. It draws both local and foreign visitors in the “City of Pines” – eager to witness the colorful procession of multihued costumes worm by local, mimicking the various blooms of highlands region (or any of its 11 ethnic tribes). These are flowerbeds disguised of course as the Panagbenga parade floats.
March 2008
Kaamulan Festival
The Kaamulan Festival is celebrated every month of March by the people of Bukidnon, when the streets of Malaybalay take on that familiar “tribal” and Fiesta theme. Banners, banderitas and beer will be norm, as well as the sweet, haunting sound of native music. An early morning ‘Pamuhat’ ritual kicks off the festivities, to be followed by an ethnic food fest, trade fairs and a lot of native dancing.
April 2008
Bangus Festival
The Bangus Festival or the ‘Pistay Dayat’ is highlighted by the longest bangus grill, covering more than 1,000 meters of the whole stretch of the main road. This one-of-a kind celebration includes the ‘City Bangus Rodeo’, Gilon (Bangus harvest dance parade in bangus inspired costumes amid the beat of drums and upbeat music) ‘Mutyang Dagat’, sport competition/ exhibition and others.
May 2008
Pahiyas Festival
The Pahiyas Festival is celebrated in the province of Quezon every merry month of May, when flowers bloom ther sweetest to usher in a bountiful harvest and smashing good times. But these aren’t the only things flaunted during this grand celebration, in the town of Lucban, Quezon, there’s also the “kiping” – a colorful, translucent rice tortilla that serves as an edible ornament of sorts. It’s a free for all, grab-all-you-can affair with suman-sweet, sticky native rice cakes- as center of contention.
June 2008
Pintados Kasadyaan Festival
The Pintados Kasadyaan Festival is held every month of June in Tacloban City. Back during pre-Hispanic years, tattoos signified courage among natives of Tacloban. These days, they symbolize a cultural revival during this wild and wacky fiesta wherein the town residents deck themselves out in body paint, mimicking the warriors of old while dancing to frenetic beat of drums.
July 2008
Sandugo Festival
The Sandugo Festival is celebrated with an all-out fiesta each month of July in Tagbilaran City to commemorate the historic Spanish colonization of the Philippies, which began with a blood-sealed peace treaty on the shores of Bohol. Check out the Sandugo Street dancing parade featuring ten colorfully- dressed groups dancing to the beat of drums. There’s alaso a Traditional Filipino carnival, a martial arts festival, and Miss Bohol Sandugo Beauty Pageant, among the dozen of other exciting activities.
August 2008
Kadayawan sa Dabaw
Davao’s annual festival popularly known as “Kadayawan sa Dabaw” held every month of August, promises another weekend of fanfare and fun – tribal style. Watch as the festivities reach a glorious climax on Saturday morning: that’s when the Kadayawan parade is held, featuring colorful, orchid-bedecked floats and more than a dozen “ethnic” groups dancing to the beat of wooden drums.
September 2008
Peñafrancia Viva La Virgen
The feast of “Peñafrancia Viva la Virgen” is Bicol Region’s biggest celebration that combines religion with culture and tradition, packing it all in a 9-day fiesta of biblical proportions. Stay until sundown for stirring climax: the fluvial parade as it makes its way down the river, surrounded by a sea of glowing candles – a fitting end of this truly spiritual occasion.
October 2008
Masskara Festival
The “masskara Festival” which made Bacolod famous all over and celebrated annually every month of October, began as an event to “inspire the locals to face the hard times with a smiling face.” Thus masks with smiling faces are worn by locals and visitors alike who join the parade. Street dancing, drum beating, drinking, eating and just being merry – all these shows the resiliency of Negrenses and their zest for life.
November 2008
Higantes Festival
The Higantes Festival, Angono’s joyous fiesta in honor of San Clemente whose image, resplendent in papal vestment, is borne by male devotees during a procession accompanied by “parehadoras” (devotees dressed in colorful local costumes, wooden shoes and carrying boat paddles and “higantes” giant papers mache effigies. The street event culminates in a fluvial procession in Laguna de Bay amidst revelry that continues until the image is brought back to its sanctuary.
December 2008
Tawo-tawo Festival
The Tawo-Tawo Festival is celebrated annually every month of December in Negros Oriental. Street dancing and showdown competitions are held the day before the fiesta, which is joined by hundreds of visitors both local and foreign. They celebra the scarecrows (tawo-tawo) through paper mache higantes as guardians of the town’s crops.
Friday, January 4, 2008
Welcome Back… Deus
Mabuhay!!!
I’m back on track again. During the past months, things aren’t happening as i planned but things happened for a reason. Ahh! enough for the nostalgic memoirs. I’ve gone through it. Brace yourself for a new exciting readership.
Thanks,
DeuS
I’m back on track again. During the past months, things aren’t happening as i planned but things happened for a reason. Ahh! enough for the nostalgic memoirs. I’ve gone through it. Brace yourself for a new exciting readership.
Thanks,
DeuS
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